Portrait of Marie Antoinette in a Muslin dress, 1783 Collection of the prince Ludwig von Hessen und bei Rhein, Wolfsgarten Castle, Germany.
Marie Antoinette (Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna; 2 November 1755 – 16 October 1793) was an Archduchess of Austria and the Queen of France and of Navarre. She was the fifteenth and penultimate child of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria and Emperor Francis I.
In April of 1770, on the day of her marriage to Louis-Auguste, Dauphin of France, she became Dauphine de France. Marie Antoinette assumed the title of Queen of France and of Navarre when her husband, Louis XVI of France, ascended the throne due to the death of Louis XV in May 1774. After seven years of marriage she gave birth to a daughter, Marie-Thérèse Charlotte, the first of their four children.
Initially charmed by her personality and beauty, the French people generally came to dislike her, accusing "the Austrian" of being profligate and promiscuous, and of harboring sympathies for France's enemies, particularly Austria, since Marie Antoinette was, after all, Austrian.
At the height of the French Revolution, Louis XVI was deposed and the monarchy abolished on August 10, 1792; the royal family was subsequently imprisoned at the Temple Prison. Nine months after her husband's execution, Marie Antoinette was herself tried, convicted of treason, and executed by guillotine on 16 October 1793.
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